PART 2
614 A.D / 4th Nabawi:
At the beginning of the fourth year of revelation, Devine message came:
“And admonish thy nearest kinsmen” (26:214)
To act upon this Devine order, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) arranged a feast in which he invited his family members, his clan Banu Hashim. The feast is to be known as Dawah-Dhul-Asheerah (the feast of the nearest kinsmen). At the end of this feast, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) declared that there is no god but Allah (swt) who chose him as his messenger. The meantime Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) asked the guests to give up the paganism and to worship the one and the true God. His family members listened to him with growing anger; some of them shouted abuses at him when he insulted their gods. Abu Lahab one of his uncles who later became a violent enemy of Islam was particularly harsh in his words. By and large the Banu Hashim paid no heed to his words, nor did they give them too much importance.
614 A.D / 4th Nabawi:
Few days after Dawah-Dhul-Asheerah (the feast of the nearest kinsmen) the Devine message came:
“Whatever is commanded and ordained, proclaim it openly.” (15:94)
So Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) climbed the hill of safa and called out to the people of Makkah. When a goodly crowd had collected, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) proclaimed the divine message openly, he first of all swore to his own truthfulness and good faith. Then he asked them to abjure false gods, to worship no one except the one true God, to abstain from promiscuity and lewdness, to live in purity and virtue to treat one another with kindness and consideration, to forsake all suppressions and all pagan practices. The people of Makkah listened to him with growing anger; they shouted abuses at him when he insulted their gods. Abu Lahab condemned him as he did earlier and said angrily:
“O, Mohemmed! Your hands were Perish, had you collected us to listen this?”
From that day, Abu Lahab became the most violent enemy of Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) and his followers. Allah (swt) revealed a complete Surah (verse) in condemnation of Abu Lahab. Allah (swt) says:
“Perish the hands of the Abu Lahab! (Father of Flame) Perish he!
No profit to him from all his wealth, and all his gains!
Burnt soon will he be in a Fire of Blazing Flame!
His wife shall carry the (crackling) wood as fuel!
A twisted rope of palm-leaf fiber round her (own) neck!” (111:1-5)
By and large the people of Makkah did not pay any heed to his call and refused to give it too much importance. They dismissed his sermon as the passing whim of a temporarily obsessed.
614 A.D / 4th Nabawi:
At the age of forty four, his second son was born who was named Abdullah or Tahir (RA). He died in infancy.
615 A.D / Rajab, 5th Nabawi:
Islam attracted some support but provoked a great deal of hostility from infidels who felt their interests threatened. Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) observed the cruelties and hardships visited on his followers. At last he advised his followers to leave their homes and migrate to Abyssinia (Modern-day Ethiopia). Nijashi (Negus) The king of Abyssinia of that time was very merciful and upright; he permitted Muslims to stay in his country and to perform their religious rites according to their belief, despite attempts by infidels of Makkah to turn him against the Muslims.
615 A.D / 5th Nabawi:
Two notable chiefs of Quresh, Sayyidna Hamza (RA) and Sayyidna Umar (RA), embraced Islam. The day Sayyidna Umar (RA) did so, the Muslims felt so elated that they offered their prayers openly and in congregation.
616 A.D / 6th Nabawi:
When the infidels of Makkah felt that they were unable to stop the progress of Islam, the tribal leaders of Quraysh put their heads together and finally they decided upon a scheme. They showed the unity against prophet’s clan Banu Hashim and banned the whole family. They drew up a joint proclamation and hung it upon the walls of Kaaba. It read,
This social boycott was so rigidly enforced that Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) and his followers were forced to leave the town and find shelter in a nearby valley called Shib-e- Abi Talib (valley of Abu Talib). This boycott continued for three years.
619 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
Finally, the social boycott came to an end, and Muslims, along with the prophet Mohemmed (saww) returned back to the Makkah.
619 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
Immediately after the end of social boycott, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) experienced the bitter phase of his life when Abu Talib his loving and beloved uncle and protector, head of Banu Hashim died. In the same year, a few weeks later, Hazrat Mohemmed’s (saww) beloved wife, Sayyida Khadeja (RA) also passed away after a tender and faithful association of twenty-five years. Thus Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) lost two of his best beloved and nearest ones within the short span of a few days. So this year came to be known as Aam-ul-Huzn (the Year of sorrow)
619 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
At the age of forty nine, he married Sayyida Sawdah (RA) aged thirty-five; the widow of a late companion of Prophet Mohemmed (saww) named Hazrat Sakran b.Amr (RA).
619 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
Mohemmed (saww) married the daughter of Abu Bakr (RA), Sayyida Ayesha (RA). She was to be the Prophet’s favorite wife, and a presence that kindled his intuition and sense of spiritual immense. Sayyida Ayesha (RA) had a sound knowledge of Hadith and Sunnah that’s why towards the end of her life; she was often consulted on matters of Hadith and Sunnah.
619 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) went to Taif (a town, sixty miles away from Makkah) for preaching, the people of Taif treated him even more brutally than did the people of Makkah. They set their bullies and street urchins after him, who abused and mocked him and pelted him with stones. Wounded and hurt, his shoes filled with the blood dripping from his cloths, he took shelter in an orchard and sitting under the shade of a tree. His greatness lies in the fact, instead to curse the people of Taif, he asked Allah (swt) to forgive them.
620 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
On the return journey from Taif, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) recited the Quran at night in Nakhlah (Oasis) seven passing Jinn (Genie) stopped and listened.
22 March, 620 A.D / 27th Rajab, 10 Nabawi:
The incident of Mairaj (A Sacred Night journey) took place in which the prophet was taken in one night from Makkah to Jerusalem, mounted on the steed Al-Buraq (the miraculous steed) brought to him by the Angel Gabriel (A.S) From the temple Mount the prophet accompanied by Gabriel (A.S) ascends to the Divine Presence.
22 March, 620 A.D / 27th Rajab, 10 Nabawi:
The same night (at Mairaj) five Ritual prayers were made incumbent on Muslims which must be performed at five appointed times each days.
620 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
Six pilgrims of the tribe of Khazraj of Yathrib (Madina) belong to an agricultural community to the north, came to Makkah. Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) preached them and later on they accepted Islam.
621 A.D / 11 Nabawi:
The first Aqabah covenant (oath of allegiance) took place. Twelve men of the tribes of Khazraj and Aws came in the presence of Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) and took the oath of allegiance.
622 A.D / 12 Nabawi:
The second Aqabah covenant (oath of allegiance) occurred. Seventy two men came in the presence of Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) and accepted Islam. They pledged to defend the Prophet and promised to be with Islamic Movement whatever the circumstances will be.
12 September, 622 A.D / 27th Safar.ul.Muzaffar, 13Nabawi:
At the age of fifty two, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) decided to migrate from Makkah to Madina. The position of Muslims had become untenable, but they were saved by an invitation form the people of Yathrib, who wanted Mohemmed (saww) to come and arbitrate in the feuds the racked their community. At last Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) left for Madina accompanied by Sayyidna Abu Bakr (RA). During this journey they took shelter in a cave called Saur, some distance from Makkah. For three days they hide in the cave, the pursuers hovering around. One day a band came so near the mouth of the cave that their voices could be distinctly heard inside. Sayyidna Abu Bakr (RA), greatly troubled in heart, said to Prophet Mohemmed (saww):
“There are only two of us and they are many. What if we are discovered?”.
Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) replied,
“Fear not, there are not two of us but three, and the third amongst us is God.”
16 September, 622 A.D / 1st Rabi-ul-Awwal 13th Nabawi:
Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) and his companion Sayyidna Abu Bakr (RA) left the cave Saur and left for Madina.
27 September, 622 A.D / 12th Rabi-ul-Awwal 1st Hijri:
Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) arrived at the city of Madina. He was accorded a red carpet welcome by the people of Yathrib; when the Holy prophet entered the city, the daughters of the Ansar (helpers) welcomed him with the recitation of these words;
The name of the town was changed to Madina, the city of prophet (saww) There he delivered his first Friday sermon and led the prayer. The year in which the migration from Makkah to Madina took place was a turning point of prophet’s life and milestone of Islamic history called hijrah. The hijrah marked the beginning of the Muslim era and the beginning of Islamic calendar as well.
622 A.D / 1st Hijri:
Masjid-e-Quba (Mosque of the Quba) was built at three miles away from Madina. Quba infect a village outside Madina where the prophet first arrived after his migration from Makkah, and here he built a mosque later known as Masjid-ul-Taqwa (the mosque of Reverence). This is considered to be the first mosque in Islam.
622 A.D / 1st Hijri:
Beginning of Azan (the call to prayer); in addition to the call, mosques would display a white flag as a signal that the prayer was being called, at night, a lamp was lit on the top of the minaret to serve the same purpose.
622 A.D / 1st Hijri:
Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) set a relationship between Muhajriin (Refugees of Makkah) and Ansar (Citizens of Madina or Helpers). This is to be known as Muakhat. In fact most of the Muhajriin (Refugees of Makkah) were prosperous and well-to-do, but now they were all equally destitute. As a preliminary step, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) enjoined the Ansar (Citizens of Madina or helpers) to adopt as brothers their co-religionists namely Muhajriin (Refugees of Makkah) to share with them like their own kith and kin whatever they possessed, in prosperity and in want. These bonds endured and Muhajriin were soon absorbed into the community.
622 A.D / 1st Hijri:
Masjid-e-Nabawi (Mosque of the Prophet) started to build in Madina. It is the second most venerable mosque in Islam, after the Masjid-ul.Haram (the grand Mosque of Makkah). The first mosque on the site of today’s structure was supported by the trunks of standing palm trees that had grown there, and Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) himself worked on its construction. In its time, Masjid-e-Nabawi was the principal mosque in Islam, where the prophet spent much of his time with his companions.
614 A.D / 4th Nabawi:
At the beginning of the fourth year of revelation, Devine message came:
“And admonish thy nearest kinsmen” (26:214)
To act upon this Devine order, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) arranged a feast in which he invited his family members, his clan Banu Hashim. The feast is to be known as Dawah-Dhul-Asheerah (the feast of the nearest kinsmen). At the end of this feast, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) declared that there is no god but Allah (swt) who chose him as his messenger. The meantime Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) asked the guests to give up the paganism and to worship the one and the true God. His family members listened to him with growing anger; some of them shouted abuses at him when he insulted their gods. Abu Lahab one of his uncles who later became a violent enemy of Islam was particularly harsh in his words. By and large the Banu Hashim paid no heed to his words, nor did they give them too much importance.
614 A.D / 4th Nabawi:
Few days after Dawah-Dhul-Asheerah (the feast of the nearest kinsmen) the Devine message came:
“Whatever is commanded and ordained, proclaim it openly.” (15:94)
So Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) climbed the hill of safa and called out to the people of Makkah. When a goodly crowd had collected, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) proclaimed the divine message openly, he first of all swore to his own truthfulness and good faith. Then he asked them to abjure false gods, to worship no one except the one true God, to abstain from promiscuity and lewdness, to live in purity and virtue to treat one another with kindness and consideration, to forsake all suppressions and all pagan practices. The people of Makkah listened to him with growing anger; they shouted abuses at him when he insulted their gods. Abu Lahab condemned him as he did earlier and said angrily:
“O, Mohemmed! Your hands were Perish, had you collected us to listen this?”
From that day, Abu Lahab became the most violent enemy of Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) and his followers. Allah (swt) revealed a complete Surah (verse) in condemnation of Abu Lahab. Allah (swt) says:
“Perish the hands of the Abu Lahab! (Father of Flame) Perish he!
No profit to him from all his wealth, and all his gains!
Burnt soon will he be in a Fire of Blazing Flame!
His wife shall carry the (crackling) wood as fuel!
A twisted rope of palm-leaf fiber round her (own) neck!” (111:1-5)
By and large the people of Makkah did not pay any heed to his call and refused to give it too much importance. They dismissed his sermon as the passing whim of a temporarily obsessed.
614 A.D / 4th Nabawi:
At the age of forty four, his second son was born who was named Abdullah or Tahir (RA). He died in infancy.
615 A.D / Rajab, 5th Nabawi:
Islam attracted some support but provoked a great deal of hostility from infidels who felt their interests threatened. Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) observed the cruelties and hardships visited on his followers. At last he advised his followers to leave their homes and migrate to Abyssinia (Modern-day Ethiopia). Nijashi (Negus) The king of Abyssinia of that time was very merciful and upright; he permitted Muslims to stay in his country and to perform their religious rites according to their belief, despite attempts by infidels of Makkah to turn him against the Muslims.
615 A.D / 5th Nabawi:
Two notable chiefs of Quresh, Sayyidna Hamza (RA) and Sayyidna Umar (RA), embraced Islam. The day Sayyidna Umar (RA) did so, the Muslims felt so elated that they offered their prayers openly and in congregation.
616 A.D / 6th Nabawi:
When the infidels of Makkah felt that they were unable to stop the progress of Islam, the tribal leaders of Quraysh put their heads together and finally they decided upon a scheme. They showed the unity against prophet’s clan Banu Hashim and banned the whole family. They drew up a joint proclamation and hung it upon the walls of Kaaba. It read,
“It
has been agreed that henceforth no one in Makkah shall have any
dealings or transact any business with Mohemmed b. Abdullah, his family
or his followers. No one shall sell food to them nor visit them, nor
converse with them. This ban will continue until Banu Hashim hand him
over to us to be treated as he deserves.”
This social boycott was so rigidly enforced that Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) and his followers were forced to leave the town and find shelter in a nearby valley called Shib-e- Abi Talib (valley of Abu Talib). This boycott continued for three years.
619 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
Finally, the social boycott came to an end, and Muslims, along with the prophet Mohemmed (saww) returned back to the Makkah.
619 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
Immediately after the end of social boycott, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) experienced the bitter phase of his life when Abu Talib his loving and beloved uncle and protector, head of Banu Hashim died. In the same year, a few weeks later, Hazrat Mohemmed’s (saww) beloved wife, Sayyida Khadeja (RA) also passed away after a tender and faithful association of twenty-five years. Thus Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) lost two of his best beloved and nearest ones within the short span of a few days. So this year came to be known as Aam-ul-Huzn (the Year of sorrow)
619 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
At the age of forty nine, he married Sayyida Sawdah (RA) aged thirty-five; the widow of a late companion of Prophet Mohemmed (saww) named Hazrat Sakran b.Amr (RA).
619 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
Mohemmed (saww) married the daughter of Abu Bakr (RA), Sayyida Ayesha (RA). She was to be the Prophet’s favorite wife, and a presence that kindled his intuition and sense of spiritual immense. Sayyida Ayesha (RA) had a sound knowledge of Hadith and Sunnah that’s why towards the end of her life; she was often consulted on matters of Hadith and Sunnah.
619 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) went to Taif (a town, sixty miles away from Makkah) for preaching, the people of Taif treated him even more brutally than did the people of Makkah. They set their bullies and street urchins after him, who abused and mocked him and pelted him with stones. Wounded and hurt, his shoes filled with the blood dripping from his cloths, he took shelter in an orchard and sitting under the shade of a tree. His greatness lies in the fact, instead to curse the people of Taif, he asked Allah (swt) to forgive them.
620 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
On the return journey from Taif, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) recited the Quran at night in Nakhlah (Oasis) seven passing Jinn (Genie) stopped and listened.
22 March, 620 A.D / 27th Rajab, 10 Nabawi:
The incident of Mairaj (A Sacred Night journey) took place in which the prophet was taken in one night from Makkah to Jerusalem, mounted on the steed Al-Buraq (the miraculous steed) brought to him by the Angel Gabriel (A.S) From the temple Mount the prophet accompanied by Gabriel (A.S) ascends to the Divine Presence.
22 March, 620 A.D / 27th Rajab, 10 Nabawi:
The same night (at Mairaj) five Ritual prayers were made incumbent on Muslims which must be performed at five appointed times each days.
620 A.D / 10 Nabawi:
Six pilgrims of the tribe of Khazraj of Yathrib (Madina) belong to an agricultural community to the north, came to Makkah. Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) preached them and later on they accepted Islam.
621 A.D / 11 Nabawi:
The first Aqabah covenant (oath of allegiance) took place. Twelve men of the tribes of Khazraj and Aws came in the presence of Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) and took the oath of allegiance.
622 A.D / 12 Nabawi:
The second Aqabah covenant (oath of allegiance) occurred. Seventy two men came in the presence of Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) and accepted Islam. They pledged to defend the Prophet and promised to be with Islamic Movement whatever the circumstances will be.
12 September, 622 A.D / 27th Safar.ul.Muzaffar, 13Nabawi:
At the age of fifty two, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) decided to migrate from Makkah to Madina. The position of Muslims had become untenable, but they were saved by an invitation form the people of Yathrib, who wanted Mohemmed (saww) to come and arbitrate in the feuds the racked their community. At last Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) left for Madina accompanied by Sayyidna Abu Bakr (RA). During this journey they took shelter in a cave called Saur, some distance from Makkah. For three days they hide in the cave, the pursuers hovering around. One day a band came so near the mouth of the cave that their voices could be distinctly heard inside. Sayyidna Abu Bakr (RA), greatly troubled in heart, said to Prophet Mohemmed (saww):
“There are only two of us and they are many. What if we are discovered?”.
Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) replied,
“Fear not, there are not two of us but three, and the third amongst us is God.”
16 September, 622 A.D / 1st Rabi-ul-Awwal 13th Nabawi:
Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) and his companion Sayyidna Abu Bakr (RA) left the cave Saur and left for Madina.
27 September, 622 A.D / 12th Rabi-ul-Awwal 1st Hijri:
Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) arrived at the city of Madina. He was accorded a red carpet welcome by the people of Yathrib; when the Holy prophet entered the city, the daughters of the Ansar (helpers) welcomed him with the recitation of these words;
“Tala-ul-badr-u-Alaina-min-saniyyat-el-wadaaie”
(The moon has shone upon us from the two hills of Wida’a)
The name of the town was changed to Madina, the city of prophet (saww) There he delivered his first Friday sermon and led the prayer. The year in which the migration from Makkah to Madina took place was a turning point of prophet’s life and milestone of Islamic history called hijrah. The hijrah marked the beginning of the Muslim era and the beginning of Islamic calendar as well.
622 A.D / 1st Hijri:
Masjid-e-Quba (Mosque of the Quba) was built at three miles away from Madina. Quba infect a village outside Madina where the prophet first arrived after his migration from Makkah, and here he built a mosque later known as Masjid-ul-Taqwa (the mosque of Reverence). This is considered to be the first mosque in Islam.
622 A.D / 1st Hijri:
Beginning of Azan (the call to prayer); in addition to the call, mosques would display a white flag as a signal that the prayer was being called, at night, a lamp was lit on the top of the minaret to serve the same purpose.
622 A.D / 1st Hijri:
Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) set a relationship between Muhajriin (Refugees of Makkah) and Ansar (Citizens of Madina or Helpers). This is to be known as Muakhat. In fact most of the Muhajriin (Refugees of Makkah) were prosperous and well-to-do, but now they were all equally destitute. As a preliminary step, Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) enjoined the Ansar (Citizens of Madina or helpers) to adopt as brothers their co-religionists namely Muhajriin (Refugees of Makkah) to share with them like their own kith and kin whatever they possessed, in prosperity and in want. These bonds endured and Muhajriin were soon absorbed into the community.
622 A.D / 1st Hijri:
Masjid-e-Nabawi (Mosque of the Prophet) started to build in Madina. It is the second most venerable mosque in Islam, after the Masjid-ul.Haram (the grand Mosque of Makkah). The first mosque on the site of today’s structure was supported by the trunks of standing palm trees that had grown there, and Hazrat Mohemmed (saww) himself worked on its construction. In its time, Masjid-e-Nabawi was the principal mosque in Islam, where the prophet spent much of his time with his companions.
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